Evaluation of the Mesiodistal Crown Sizes of the Remaining Dentition in Patients with Hypodontia, between 12 and 16 Years of Age

DENTISTRY
Albena Reshitaj; Nazmie Ibishi*; Milaim Sejdini; Nora Berishal; Xhina Mulo

University Clinical Center of Kosovo, Pristina, Kosovo

*Corresponding author:  Ibishi F. Nazmie, MD. University Clinical Center of Kosovo. Te rrethi. 10000, Pristina, Kosovo.  Phone: +37744521616.. E-mail:  nazmiemb3@hotmail.com

Published: September 24, 2013

Abstract: 

Objective: This study evaluated the mesiodistal crown sizes of the remaining dentition in patients affected with hypodontia, compared with the control group possessing complete dentition.

Methods: Panoramic radiographs of the patients treated in the Department of Orthodontics, Dental School - Branch of Medical Faculty – University of Pristina, were reviewed to select a sample of 22 cases with agenesis of one or more permanent teeth, except the third molars (hypodontia group). A control group included 22 patients with complete dentition. Dental casts were measured for both groups.  The patients ranged in age from 12 to 16 years. Mesiodistal crown dimensions were recorded by measuring all erupted teeth on study models with a manual caliper. Statistical calculation was performed using SPSS 15.0. Paired samples t-test was used to detect the statistical differences in tooth width measurements between the two groups. The significance level was predetermined at α = 0.05.

Results: The mean age of the patients in the hypodontia group was 14.55±1.57 years, while that of the control group was 14.23±1.11. The most common congenital missing teeth were the upper lateral incisors (46.16%) followed by the upper first premolars (11.54%). We found significant differences between the groups in tooth size for the maxillary arch central incisors and the maxillary arch molar right quadrant, while in the left quadrant differences between the two groups were observed in the central incisor (P<0.05). However, we did not observe any significant differences between the groups with respect to tooth size for the lower jaw.

Conclusion: The reduced tooth size was evident except in the posterior segment right molar in the hypodontia group. This should be taken into consideration during treatment planning and deciding upon the treatment mechanics in order to achieve functional occlusion and an esthetic dentition at the culmination of the orthodontic treatment.

Keywords: 
hypodontia; teeth; mesiodistal crown size.
References: 
  1. Brook AH. A unifying aetiological explanation for anomalies of human tooth number and size. Arch Oral Biol 1984; 29(5):373-8.
  2. Polder BJ, Van’t Hof MA, Van Der Linden FP, Kuijpers-Jagtman AM. A meta-analysis of the prevalence of dental agenesis of permanent teeth. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2004; 32(3):217-26.
  3. Baccetti T. A controlled study of associated dental anomalies.  Angle Orthod 1998; 68(3):267-74.
  4. Vastardis H. The genetics of human tooth agenesis: new discoveries for understanding dental anomalies. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2000; 117(6):650-6.
  5. Mostowska A, Kobielak A, Biedziak B, Trzeciak WH. Novel mutation in the paired box sequence of PAX9 gene in a sporadic form of oligodontia. Eur J Oral Sci 2003; 111(3):272-6.
  6. Brook AH. Multilevel complex interactions between genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors in the aetiology of anomalies of dental development. Arch Oral Biol 2009; 54(Suppl 1):S3-S17.
  7. Schalk-van der Weide Y, Steen WH, Bosman F. Distribution of missing teeth and tooth morphology in patients with oligodontia. ASDC J Dent Child 1992; 59:133-40.
  8. Schalk-van der Weide Y, Bosman F. Tooth size in relatives of individuals with oligodontia. Arch Oral Biol 1996; 41(5):469-72.
  9.  McKeown HF, Robinson DL, Elcock C, al-Sharood M, Brook AH. Tooth dimensions in hypodontia patients, their unaffected relatives and a control group measured by a new image analysis system. Eur J Orthod 2002; 24(2):131-41.
  10.  Jepson NJ, Nohl FS, Carter NE, Gillgrass TJ, Meechan JG, Hobson RS, et al. The interdisciplinary management of hypodontia: restorative dentistry. Br Dent J 2003; 194:299-304.
  11.  Rashedi B. Prosthodontic treatment with implant fixed prosthesis for a patient with ectodermal dysplasia: a clinical report. J Prosthodont 2003; 12:198-201.
  12.  Rune B, Sarnas KV. Tooth size and tooth formation in children with advanced hypodontia. Angle Orthodont 1974; 44(4):316-21.13.
  13.  Ramazanzadeh BA,   Ahrari F, Hajian S. Evaluation of tooth size in patients with congenitally-missing teeth, J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects 2013; 7(1):36-41
  14. Brook AH, Elcock C, al-Sharood MH, McKeown HF, Khalaf K, Smith RN. Further studies of a model for the etiology of anomalies of tooth number and size in humans. Connect Tissue Res 2002; 43(2-3):289-95.
  15.  Brook AH, Elcock C, Aggarwal M, Lath DL, Russell JM, Patel PI, et al. Tooth dimensions in hypodontia with a known PAX9 mutation. Arch Oral Biol 2009; 54(Suppl 1):S57-62.
  16.  Mirabella AD, Kokich VG, Rosa M. Analysis of crown widths in subjects with congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisors. Eur J Orthod 2012; 34(6):783-7.
  17.  Yaqoob O, DiBiase AT, Garvey T, Fleming PS. Relationship between bilateral congenital absence of maxillary lateral incisors and anterior tooth width. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2011; 139(3):e229-33.
  18.  Brook AH, Griffin RC, Smith RN, Townsend GC, Kaur G, Davis GR, et al. Tooth size patterns in patients with hypodontia and supernumerary teeth. Arch Oral Biol 2009; 54(Suppl 1):S63-70.
  19.  Schalk-van der Weide Y, Bosman F. Tooth size in relatives of individuals with oligodontia. Arch Oral Biol 1996; 41(5):469-72.
  20.  Yamada H, Kondo S, Hanamura H, Townsend GC. Tooth size in individuals with congenitally missing teeth: a study of Japanese males. Anthropol Sci 2010; 118:87-93.
  21.  Wisth P, Thunold K, Böe O. Frequency of hypodontia in relation to tooth size and dental arch width. Acta Odontol Scand 1974; 32(3):201-6.
  22.  Chung CJ, Han JH, Kim KH. The pattern and prevalence of hypodontia in Koreans. Oral Dis 2008; 14(7):620-5.
  23.  McKeown HF, Robinson DL, Elcock C, al-Sharood M, Brook AH. Tooth dimensions in hypodontia patients, their unaffected relatives and a control group measured by a new image analysis system. Eur J Orthod 2002; 24(2):131-41.
  24.  Garib DG, Peck S, Gomes SC. Increased occurrence of dental anomalies associated with second-premolar agenesis. Angle Orthod 2009; 79(3):436-41.
  25.  Baidas L, Hashim H. An anterior tooth size comparison in unilateral and bilateral congenitally absent maxillary lateral incisors. J Contemp Dent Pract 2005; 6(1):56-63.

The fully formatted PDF version is available.

Download Article

Int J Biomed. 2013; 3(3):207-210. © 2013 International Medical Research and Development Corporation. All rights reserved.